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（新春走基层）四川宜宾：铁路道砟采石场的“守山人”******
中新网宜宾1月18日电 (王鹏 魏启睿 赵喆)“矿山边坡、平台要仔细检查是否有裂纹及位移的现象，破碎生产线、堆料场、配电室要做好详细的安全检查，确保出产道砟高质量上线使用。”兔年春节前夕，在四川省宜宾市珙县兴太村的群山之中，孙庆良叮嘱正在忙碌的工友。
孙庆良是铁路成都工务大修段道砟生产车间白皎采石场场长。这座群山之中的铁路大型采石场始建于1996年，主要负责铁路道砟开采、生产、装车及质量监管。10名采石工常年驻守在此，承担着整个采石场的安全及道砟开采装车任务，也被称为这片大山的“守山人”。
图为道砟生产线。 魏启睿 摄道砟是用来铺铁路路基的粗砂砾或碎石，能够减低列车经过时所带来的振动及噪音。白皎采石场是目前中国铁路成都局集团有限公司唯一的特级道砟供应基地。
“一颗道砟是否合格，要看它的尺寸、耐久性、形状以及级配。”孙庆良说，目前正是成自宜高铁道砟供应的关键期，生产过程中，爆破、运输、碎石、清洗等各个工序都密切联系着，安全卡控很重要。“特别是在爆破时，我们要派人在矿山周边各个路口严控死守，以防路人误入。”
图为采石工在施工生产现场。 魏启睿 摄57岁的陈礼金在10名采石工中年龄最大，他常常放弃节假日休假回家的机会，今年春节同样坚守在采石场。
“采石场的工作性质比较乏味，山上的生活也比较枯燥，待久了容易让人心理发生变化，我年龄最大，必须要长期坚守在这里！”陈礼金说，每年春运期间自己最期待的就是亲自下厨，炒出一桌子拿手好菜，让这个“小家”共享团圆。
大山中的白皎采石场。 魏启睿 摄据介绍，白皎采石场每年要为铁路行业提供20余万吨道砟，除了完成沪昆、成贵等高铁及内六、成渝、渝怀等普速线路的道砟供给任务，还完成了沪昆高铁北盘江特大桥环氧树脂特级道砟等多个重点工程项目的供砟任务。目前，白皎采石场蓄势待发，正源源不断为成自宜高铁提供特级道砟。(完)
中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾****** 中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。  资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。 麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。 一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。 此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。 作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。 美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。 这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。 从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。 两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。  House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy (ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy". The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader. Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party. On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration. On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses. Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees. As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives. But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker. CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful. This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally. Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits. From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public. Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world. The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle. 
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